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严重声明:四川成人高考网欢迎您!本网站为【升学堂】旗下网站,主要为四川成人高考,成人教育,成考,函授和成教(大专•专升本•专科)的考生提供报考指导服务,网站信息仅供学习交流使用,非政府官方网站,官方信息以四川省教育考试院或四川招生考试网发布为准。

倒装语法-倒装结构的10种基本用法☀成人高考英语语法考点!


  英语句子通常有两种语序:一种是主语放在谓语的前面,叫作自然语序;另一种是把谓语放在主语的前面,叫作倒装语序。把谓语全部移到主语之前,称为全部倒装;如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,则称为部分倒装。

  

  倒装的原因有两个:一是语法结构上的需要;二是为了强调。

  

  倒装结构的基本用法:

  

  1.全部倒装通常由here,there以及由up,down,on,in,out,from,before,away,now,then等副词引导。

  

  There are some foreign students in our school.我们学校有一些外国学生。

  

  There used to be a factory on that comer.拐角处曾有一个工厂。

  

  In this small village there lived an old man over ninety.

  

  有个90多岁的老人曾住在这个小村子里。

  

  There must be something wrong.一定有什么东西弄错了。

  

  Here is a letter for you.这是你的信。

  

  There goes the bell.铃响了。

  

  Here comes a bus.汽车来了。

  

  Out rushed a lion from among the bushes.一头狮子从草丛中冲了出来。

  

  The door opened and in came an old lady.门开了, 进来一位老太太。

  

  Up went the arrow into the air.箭嗖的一声射上了天空。

  

  The gun fired and down fell the bird to the ground.枪响了,鸟儿跌落到地上。

  

  Away went the little boy to the school.那个小男孩到学校里去了。

  

  注:主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语的语序不变。

  

  Here it is.它在这儿。

  

  Here he comes.他来了。

  

  Away he went.他走了。

  

  2.直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,句子倒装。

  

  “What shall we do?”said John.“我们该怎么办呢?”约翰说。

  

  “Mr.Crossett,”said my father,“Will you talk with me?”

  

  “克罗塞特先生,”我父亲说,“您愿意跟我谈谈吗?”

  

  3.only和它所修饰的状语位于首时,句子倒装。

  

  Only this morn ig did I hear the good news.我今天早上才听到这个好消息。

  

  Only in this way can you learn English well.只有用这种方式你才能学好英语。

  

  Only when the war was over was he able to go home.只有当战争结束时他才回家。

  

  Only after along argument dd he agree with me.经过长时间的争论他才同意我的意见。

  

  4.具有定义的副词或连词位于句首时:如hardy,never,not,little.not on l barely,scarcely on sooner...than,hardy...when,never before,not until,under no  circumstances等,句子倒装。

  

  Never have I read such an interesting book.我从来没有读过这么一本有趣的书。

  

  Little does she know what may happen.她一点也不知道会发生什么事。型婴

  

  Not a single mistake did he make.他一个错也没出。

  

  Hardly had I reached the bus sop when the buss art ed.我一到汽车站, 公共汽车就开动了。

  

  No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain heavily.我刚到家, 就下起大雨了。

  

  Seldom have I met her recently.最近我很少见到她。

  

  Not only is the story interesting, but also its English will help us in writing.

  

  这个故事不但有趣,而且它的英语对我们的写作也有帮助。

  

  Little does he care about what others think.他很少在乎别人的想法。

  

  Under no circumstances should we do anything against the will of the people.

  

  在任何情况下,我们都不应该做违反人民意愿的事。

  

  5.把副词so放在句首,表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人(或物)。其句型为:so+be/have/助动词或情态动词+主语。

  

  I can speak English, so can my brother.我会说英语,我弟弟也会。

  

  They went to the Great Wall last Sunday, so did we.他们上个星期日去长城了,我们也去了。

  

  He is a teacher, so is his father.他是教师,他父亲也是。

  

  She has been to Beijing, so have I.她去过北京, 我也去过。

  

  She enjoys listening to music, so does my sister.她喜欢听音乐, 我姐姐也喜欢。

  

  6.把u either, nor放在句首, 表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人(或物) 。其句型是:neither/nor+be/have/情态动词或助动词+主语。

  

  I have never been there, neither has he.我从来没去过那儿,他也没去过。

  

  I don't know where he lives, neither does she.我不知道他住在哪儿, 她也不知道。

  

  I didn't write my composition yesterday, neither did Zhang Li.我昨天没有写作文,张丽也没写。

  

  The teacher wasn't in the classroom, nor were the students.老师不在教室里, 学生们也不在。

  

  7.为了保持句子平衡,或者为了强调表语或状语,或者为了使上下文衔接紧密。

  

  So excited he was that he couldn't say anything.他激动得说不出话来。

  

  At last we found a house,in front of which stood a big tree.

  

  最后,我们找到了一座房子,房前有一棵大树。

  

  Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for kings and queens.

  

  国王和王后的墓室就在金字塔里面。

  

  8.以as或though引导的让步状语从句

  

  Child a she is,he speaks English well.尽管他是个孩子,但是英语说得很好。

  

  Hard though he worked,he failed the exam.虽然他学习刻苦,但是未通过考试。

  

  Late as it was,they still continued their work.时间虽然晚了,他们仍继续工作。

  

  9.用于某些以地点状语开头的句子

  

  At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.山脚下有一个美丽的湖。

  

  Behind the farmhouse was a rice field.农舍后面是一片稻田。

  

  Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer.在那棵大树底下坐着一个老农民。

  

  10.在虚拟语气中,条件状语从包的i如果省略,应把were,bad s shod提到主语煎面。

  

  Were I you,I would goat once.如果我是你,我会马上走。

  

  Should he come o morrow,we could fish it on tie.如果他明天能来,我们就能按时完成它。

  

  Had I been wearing a seat belt,I would not have been injured.

  

  我要是系着安全带,就不会受伤了。


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