一、题型说明

　　阅读理解题型为选择题，共15个小题。本题向考生提供3至4段短文，总阅读量不少于1000个词。短文题材涉及日常生活、史地、文化、科技常识、人物传记等。体裁有记叙文、说明文、应用文等。每篇短文后有数量不等的问题或不完整的句子。要求考生在仔细阅读短文以后，从每个问题或不完整的句子下面的4个选项中，选出可以用来回答问题或补全句子的最佳选项。

　　二、解题指导

　　“阅读理解”题考查的是考生的阅读理解能力。考生应能通过阅读掌握每篇短文的主旨大意、主要事实、有关细节以及上下文的逻辑关系等；既能看懂字面意思，又能推论出隐含意思；既能回答就文章局部细节提出的问题，又能回答有关文章总体内容的问题。在具有一定的词汇知识和语法知识的基础上，考生需要进行大量的阅读训练，以提高阅读能力和速度。

　　三.解题主要方法

　　1.先看问题，后读文章。带着问题阅读，具有针对性，解题较快，比先读完全文再逐道做题要节省时间。

　　当然这样做，对考生要求较高，适用于进行过一定量的阅读训练的考生。考生刚开始进行阅读训练时，可以先读文章再看问题，当训练达到一定程度，考生开始熟悉作者的思路和出题者思路之后，即可采用先看问题后读文章的方法。

　　2.抓住文章的第一段和每段的第一句，不可放过最后一段和每段最后一包。一般来说，文章的第一段是提纲挈领的关键段，每段的第一句是此段的关键句，而最后一段和每段最后一句往往起到总结作用，抓住了它们，就可以预测话题，并有助于理解全文。

　　3.抓住关键词。关键词主要是动词，找出了谓语动词和非谓语动词，就弄清了句子的脉络结构，有助于迅速抓住句意，而连词、副词等，也是理解语段的关键，不可轻易放过。

　　4.遇到生词或看不懂的地方，不要停步不前，可以先做个记号，跳过去，读完全文。这样往往不会影响理解全文大意。如果感到这些部分影响了对全文的理解，可以回过头来细读，通过上下文和分析句子结构等来推测其含义。

　　5.要特别注意文中的信息点，如时间、人名、地名、数字等。读时最好做上标记，以免做题时搞混。

　　四.下面举出一篇实例

　　Great changes have been made in family life because of science and industry.(注意开篇第一段，点出本文展开的话题)

　　In the past， when more Americans lived on farms， the typical family had many children.In a farm family，parents and their children often lived with grandparents.Often，too，uncles and aunts lived nearby.But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life，families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and to move again whenever necessary.And large families can not be moved from place to place as smaller families can.So， at present people tend to have smaller families.(注意连词because和And引出的句子)

　　In the future，because of industrialization，atypical family will be required to move even more often than now，so families will be even smaller.The typical family may remain childless and consists only of a man and a woman.A small number of families may take child raising as their chief work.At the same time they may also raise other people's children，leaving those families free to move from job to job.(注意also引出的细节内容)

　　1.Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage?(B)

　　A.Development of science and industry in America.

　　B.Influence of science and industry on American families.

　　C.The harmful effect of industrialization.

　　D.Social problems resulting from the highly developed science and industry in America.(注意第一段)

　　2.According to the writer， what is one of the reasons why families are getting smaller in America?(C)

　　A.Children tend to leave their parents when they grow up.

　　B.People no longer want to have children.

　　C.The need for workers who are able to move at anytime has been increasing.

　　D.Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.(注意第二段中的because)

　　3.Who will take the chief responsibility of raising children in the future?(D)

　　A.Parents themselves.

　　B.Grandparents.

　　C.Social workers.

　　D.A small number of families.(注意最后一段的最后一句)

　　4.What can you infer from the passage?(C)

　　A.Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split.

　　B.Children do not like to live with their parents or grandparents.

　　C.Large families can hardly survive in a highly industrialization society.

　　D.Americans are very choosy with their jobs.(注意第二段的最后一句)

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